Annexes 1–3 summarize the aim, process, material, and analytical categories related to these steps together with codes from the coding process and examples from the material. Asking how FFF disrupts established narratives around climate politics, we argue that FFF largely fails to challenge a techno-centric, apolitical, and market-driven understanding of climate action—at least in public debates. Gleichzeitig sagen 63 Prozent, dass Deutschland zu wenig tut, um dem Klimawandel entgegenzuwirken. Name E-Mail. Their central demands for Germany include carbon neutrality by 2035, a coal phase-out by 2030 and 100% renewable energy supply by 2035. Green growth and ecological modernization are seen as viable solutions to sustain a market-based economy while at the same time, protect the environment. (2019, May 4). Groups like Change for Future critically engage with the capitalistic system and portray the market as a destructive force that needs to be guided by strong environmental regulations (Leick, 2019). (2019, May 15). Since this analysis is based on publicly available information (media articles, public statements etc.) Negotiations with politicians about technical details are seen as forms of distraction that limit the range of thinkable alternatives (INTERVIEW _3). Kim, S.-H. (2015). Bellberg, G. (2019, March 22). Neubauer, L., and Reimers, M. (2019). We then outline the analytical framework for this study in Section Analyzing Contested Visions of the Future: Emerging Imaginaries, largely based on the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries. Conceptualizing social protest and the significance of protest actions to large projects. Sociotechnical imaginaries are temporally situated and culturally particular but are not limited to the scale of nation-states (Jasanoff, 2015); indeed, they can also be propagated by corporations and organized groups, including communities and social movements (Kim, 2015). Move. ^For the interviews, we have obtained written informed consent from all interview partners. Germany serves as a case study where FFF has quickly emerged and stabilized over a short period of time. Extract. Manager Magazin. doi: 10.1162/152638001317146372, Betzold, C. (2013). At a more collective level, articles either present the school strikes, protestors and the schools' reactions (Gehm, 2019) or they discuss FFF's broader effects on society (Unfried, 2019a). Emcke, C. (2019, April 12). Spiegel Online. Boggs, C. (1978). The launch of a shared website, the development of a corporate identity, and the establishment of selected spokespersons who dominated the debates underlined the impression of a unified “potential mass movement” (Koos and Naumann, 2019). Hoffmann, M. (2011). While commentators argue that FFF's “neither radical nor totalitarian” claims require Germany and the world to fulfill the Paris Agreement and “keep their promise” (Stöcker, 2019), others paint dystopian visions of Germany's future if these demands by the “children of the apocalypse” (Backes et al., 2019) should be implemented. Data collection and assessment methods are presented in Section Methodology, followed by the empirical analysis of the FFF movement and its perception in German media in Section A Movement in the Making. Süddeutsche Zeitung, 11. Also merkt euch den 11.12. Clim. Von Kindern und Jugendlichen kann man aber nicht erwarten, dass sie bereits alle globalen Zusammenhänge, das technisch Sinnvolle und das ökonomisch Machbare sehen. Inzwischen hat die CDU gemerkt, dass ihr so ein Umgang mit Fridays for Future mehr schadet als hilft. doi: 10.1017/S1358246111000300. These conflicting imaginaries speak to earlier environmental politics research about contested transformation pathways (Linnér and Wibeck, 2019) and competing climate discourses (Bäckstrand and Lövbrand, 2019). Powered by … DW (2019). ^The number of regional groups increased to more than 600 by September 2019. Yet, school protests quickly gained traction and have stabilized across the country, accompanied by intensive public debates. We need to wake up / We need to wise up We need to open our eyes / And do it now, now, now! Die Welt. Süddeutsche Zeitung. In less than a year, Greta Thunberg's protest has inspired a global movement of youth climate activism. „Wir haben nicht mehr wahnsinnig viel Zeit“, sagt Prof. Dr. Ortwin Renn mit Blick auf den Klimawandel. Bedford-Strohm kann auch fromm reden. At the same time, the movement also fosters a debate about the role of the people in a democratic society at large. 5:48. doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2020.00048. A list of material is included in the codebook excerpts provided in Annexes 1–3. Polit. Voraussetzung für demokratische Teilhabe (auch bei Erwachsenen nicht)“, twittert der Juso-Vorsitzende Kevin Kühnert und fügt hinzu: „Wir leben nicht in einer Aristokratie.“. STS Research Platform Sociotechnical Imaginaries. ZEIT Campus. Distinguishing between a moderate and a radical approach, we offer a typology to structure the various approaches offered by and attached to the FFF movement. Unter dem Motto „Fridays For Future“ gehen jeden Freitag zahlreiche Schüler auf die Straßen und demonstrieren gegen den Klimawandel. Darrach, J. Available onlibe at: https://fridaysforfuture.de/regionalgruppen (accessed on August 19, 2019). An der kante. 3. ZDF (2019). Die fetten Jahre sind vorbei. Kreutzfeldt, M., and Pötter, B. Available online at: https://www.zeit.de/campus/2019-07/fridays-for-future-sommerkongress-dortmund-klimawandel-aktivismus/komplettansicht. doi: 10.1126/science.aax3807. Schlüter, N., and Müller, B. Instead of portraying FFF as a static and bipartisan movement that calls for science to guide climate politics, we explore the conflicts, tensions and issues of contestation around the movement and its perception. Wir Jugendlichen streiken öffentlich, im Namen der FridaysForFuture Bewegung dafür, dass das Pariser Klimaabkommen eingehalten, und die 1,5 Grad Celsius Grenze nicht … Michael hüther: iw-chef fordert ende der “Fridays-for-Future”-Streiks. Fridays for Future (deutsch „Freitage für [die] Zukunft“; kurz FFF, auch FridaysForFuture bzw.Schulstreik für das Klima bzw.Klimastreik, im Original schwedisch „SKOLSTREJK FÖR KLIMATET“) ist eine globale soziale Bewegung ausgehend von Schülern und Studierenden, welche sich für möglichst umfassende, schnelle und effiziente Klimaschutz-Maßnahmen … Reuters (2019). Sie begann in Neuseeland. To shed light on FFF's broader implications, we thus analyze not only how the movement portrays itself, but also how the media discourse evolves around it. Paris: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. While the first regional groups formed all across Germany already in late 2018, they gained nationwide traction after launching a dedicated webpage and centralized social media channels since January 2019. (2019, June 12). The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomm.2020.00048/full#supplementary-material. Available online at: https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/schueler-klimaschutz-streik-1.4297193 (accessed on August 12, 2019). doi: 10.7208/chicago/9780226276663.003.0001, Jordan, A., Huitema, D., Schoenefeld, J., van Asselt, H., and Forster, J. While the explorative research design helps to capture the movement's diversity, identify internal struggles and picture its perception in public, the analysis does not provide a comprehensive overview on the movement's goals and strategies. Various imaginaries can co-exist, either in a tense or productive relationship and thus may support or compete with a dominant societal imaginary. (1) Transnational actors, corporations, non-governmental organizations, and city networks are at the heart of climate governance literature that deals with and goes beyond the state-centric climate regime. Fridays for Future: ... wenn Politiker die Demos als politische Bildung loben, ... Kritik an den Schüler-Demos hatte es von FDP-Chef Christian Lindner gegeben. (2011). Tosun, J., and Schoenefeld, J. J. Manager Magazin. Sustainability 11:1189. doi: 10.3390/su11041189. Climate science, the IPCC, and the Paris Agreement are framed as a common ground for action in strong alliance with the scientific community. Niedlich war gestern. In reaction to these attacks, the initiative scientists for future was established as a platform to back the school movement based on “secured scientific knowledge” (Munzinger and Schlüter, 2019). Commentators showed understanding for the students' frustration and concerns, and described the climate protests as morally absolutely “justified” (Klein, 2019). Available online at: www.spiegel.de/lebenundlernen/schule/angela-merkel-bekraeftigt-lob-fuer-fridays-for-future-a-1260875.html. Stripple, J., and Bulkeley, H. (2011). Kirche muss Anwalt der 'Fridays for Future'-Bewegung sein. Duhm, L. (2019, April 8). UNFCCC (2015). Taking into account the characteristics of a young, diverse, and quickly developing movement, we can mobilize the concept of imaginaries to explore the disruptive nature of the FFF movement to established climate politics. Krach bei den klimaaktivisten. In conclusion, current school protests are not only about climate action but reflect more fundamental political struggles about competing visions of a future society in times of climate change. Lang, J. German media coverage about FFF was constantly high throughout 2019 with spikes around the mass protests in March, May and September. Esteves, A. M., Factor, G., Vanclay, F., Götzmann, N., and Moreira, S. (2017). Fridays For Future Helsingborg, Helsingborg. Entrepreneurs for future: 440 unternehmen rufen die bundesregierung dazu auf, mehr für den klimaschutz zu tun. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press. Anzlinger, J. Available online at: https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/fridays-for-future-krach-bei-den-klimaaktivisten/24223740.html (accessed on August 8, 2019). Alternative ideas of social life and political order are discussed but remain almost invisible in the selected nationwide newspapers. Stud. Nach grünen-forderung; klimasünde inlandsflug? While the moderate approach is characteristic for official statements given by leading FFF figures, the radical approach is less prominent in public debates. Despite these impressions of a coherent, unified movement, a closer look at FFF Germany's internal debates reveals emerging tensions and frictions around the group's (1) political claims, (2) its organizational strategy, and issues of (3) leadership and representation. Ich finde politisches Engagement von Schülerinnen und Schülern toll. Not surprisingly, the Paris Agreement calls for joint efforts by states and non-state actors alike to cut global greenhouse gas emissions (UNFCCC, 2015). Fridays for future: medien wollen immer nur eine. Jeden Freitag versammeln sich derzeit in zahlreichen Städten unter dem Motto „Fridays for Future“ Schüler und Studenten während der Unterrichtszeit, um gegen ausbleibende Maßnahmen gegen den Klimawandel zu protestieren. Deshalb sei der Klima-Protest „richtig und notwendig“. The Role of Community Energy Schemes in Supporting Community Resilience. Die zahlen sagen etwas anderes. ^The list of rallies attended and interviews conducted can be found in Annex 1. They all join forces to challenge the status quo of the climate mitigation pathway propagated by the German government, but with different motifs and conflicting visions of the future. Available online at: www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/fridays-for-future-das-bedeuten-die-forderungen-fuer-die-verbraucher-a-1261933.html. Commentators, politicians and a broad range of social actors link their political claims and agendas to a movement that struggles to maneuver between ecological reforms and radical anti-capitalism. They hold the potential to coordinate actions across techno-epistemic networks, foster development pathways, and can include or exclude certain actors in the decision-making process (Jasanoff, 2007). The datasets generated for this study are available on request to the corresponding author. A number of politicians, commentators and environmentalists alike have celebrated FFF as an important trigger not only for more effective climate politics (Böcking, 2019) but also for broader political and societal change (Unfried, 2019a). These categories are (1) future vision and planning, (2) societal needs, (3) risks and threats, (4) the state, (5) people and citizens, (6) the market, economy and development, and (7) science and technology. J. Environ. In a related press conference held in Berlin's Museum of Natural History in front of a gigantic Brachiosaurus skeleton, FFF spokesperson Sebastian Grieme explained that an immediate shut-down of one-fourth of all coal power plants in Germany would be “doable” and the complete phase-out should be realized by 2030 instead of 2038 (FFF Germany, 2019d; Lang, 2019). ^Articles mentioning “Fridays for Future” and published between January 1st and October 31st in Die Welt, Süddeutsche Zeitung, Der Spiegel, and Die Tageszeitung taz which are more than 500 words long. Change 7, 478–85. In other words: How and to what extend does FFF link its demands for climate action to broader societal change? Rucht, D. (2019). London: Routledge. These analytical categories express the broader dimensions of social and political order to which demands by social movements relate. Hale, T. (2016). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Reimagining energy futures: contributions from community sustainable energy transitions in Thailand and the Philippines. Commun., 22 July 2020 Activists criticize that news coverage “reduces the movement to single individuals” (Mathwig, 2019) like Luisa Neubauer who are not fully representative of a broader and often more radical movement. Such an analysis reveals the movement's fundamental struggles over FFF's overall strategy, its political claims and questions of identity and representation. Clim. The mayor of Konstanz admitted that it was the regional FFF group's pressure, which triggered the town's decision to declare a state of climate emergency (ZEIT, 2019). Kritik der Klimaaktivisten an den Parteien Fridays for Future: Ungemütlich politisch. Drawing upon a document analysis based on news articles, official documents, and speeches, we explore the narratives employed by the FFF protestors who express not only the need for climate action but also call for broader societal change. Received: 23 December 2019; Accepted: 12 June 2020; Published: 22 July 2020. At the same time, FFF generated an increased interest in general environmental concerns due to overconsumption such as plastic waste (Gehm, 2019) or air traffic (Gehm, 2019). These joint events brought together activists from different parts of Germany and Europe. Following the methods suggested by Jasanoff (2015), we systematically mined our qualitative material for insights into the framings and justifications behind climate action outlined by and related to FFF. We investigate the competing ideas of social and political order attached to the movement's claims by mobilizing the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries (Jasanoff, 2015). The formulation of the law and its passage have become a reference point for the FFF movement. Grießhammer, R. (2019). Rev. Rules for Radicals: A Pragmatic Primer for Realistic Radicals. Tackling climate change thus becomes everyone's personal responsibility and obligation. Die Welt. Interest Groups Advocacy 2, 302–22. These insights are not enough to fully understand FFF's disruptive nature and its potential to challenge mainstream notions of climate change. Lund: Lund University. Available online at: www.welt.de/print/welt_kompakt/vermischtes/article189470855/Fliegen-muss-teurer-werden.html. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781107110069.005. Alinsky, S. (1971). Nach einer Umfrage des Meinungsforschungsinstituts Emnid für die „BamS“ findet eine Mehrheit von 55 Prozent es richtig, dass die Schüler während der Schulzeit demonstrieren. Adapting social impact assessment to address a project's human rights impacts and risks. Available online at: https://www.zdf.de/politik/politbarometer/190621-schwarz-gruen-beliebtestes-koalitionsmodell-100.html (accessed August 19, 2019). Klimaschutz: “Noch entschiedener und schneller handeln”, Der Tagesspiegel. Clim. The concept also links the present with the past and the future in conceptualizing the interrelationships between power, society, and technology. While trade unions agree that climate action is needed, they also warn against the juxtaposition of climate action against wealth and job creation. Broadly discussed topics included taxes on kerosene (Wetzel, 2019c), enhancement of public transport (Preuß, 2019), or the coal phase-out (Wetzel, 2019a). Auf Twitter bekommt Christian Lindner für seine Aussage ebenfalls ordentlich Gegenwind - sowohl von Politikern, als auch von anderen Twitter-Nutzern: „Ein altes Missverständnis rund um das Thema Kinder- und Jugendbeteiligung: Das Erfassen aller globalgalaktischen Zusammenhänge ist KEINE (!) |, Analyzing Contested Visions of the Future: Emerging Imaginaries, Emerging Imaginaries: Moderate vs. doi: 10.1057/9781137316714, Dryzek, J. S., and Stevenson, H. (2011). We need to build a better future / And we need to start right now. Despite the group's focus on an effective implementation of the Paris Agreement and its translation into ambitious climate legislation, more critical protestors and subgroups envision a radically different future through power shifts, forms of democratization and social justice which goes far beyond a de-politicized understanding of climate change. While large parts of the debate concentrate on individual rights and responsibilities related to consumerism (flights, private cars, plastic bags etc.) doi: 10.1068/c0790s. Danach lesen Sie FR.de gratis mit Werbung. Hardt, E. (2013). Environ. Der Spiegel. The Post-Political and Its Discontents: Spaces of Depoliticization and Spectres of Radical Politics. Available online at: www.spiegel.de/politik/klimaschutz-sind-junge-menschen-heute-politischer-als-frueher-a-cbfd273e-d918-4b27-8c20-b0bb4a2d32ac. Available online at: www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/entrepreneurs-for-future-firmen-unterstuetzen-klimastreiks-a-1268531.html. Figure 2 provides an overview on this differentiation. 40, 1–25. Telepolis. Climate change made its comeback as the key topic in public debates thanks to a highly diverse group that political decision-makers have long portrayed as apolitical or neglected altogether: children and youth. Although FFF has sparked debates about the urgency of tackling climate change, the movement's broader societal and political implications are yet to be seen. Olbrisch, M. (2019, June 7). Transnational Climate Change Governance. Stud. In September 2019, Germany's federal government presented the country's first-ever comprehensive climate change legislation right before the global climate action summit took place in New York. GAIA 28, 79–87. „Fridays for future“: Christian Lindner eckt mit Kritik an Schülerprotesten gegen Klimawandel an, verteidigt im FR-Interview die „Fridays-for-Future“-Demonstrationen, „Größter Klimastreik“ aller Zeiten in Hessen erwartet, Ihr Beitrag für unabhängigen Journalismus. The school strikers sparked debates about individual duties, businesses' responsibilities, and the importance of the state to tackle climate change. Collective climate action and networked climate governance. 27, 213–232. Your research can change the worldMore on impact ›, Critical Approaches to Climate Change and Civic Action Süddeutsche Zeitung, 7. Raustiala, K. (1997). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. (2014). Vier Fragen an Lehrerverbandspräsident zu “Fridays for Future”: “Unterricht nachholen”. Two competing emerging imaginaries: moderate vs. a radical approach. Spiegel Online. Wissenschaftler, die sich im Übrigen auch für den Streik der Schüler aussprechen, worauf ein Twitter-Nutzer hinweist: Ja, und die Profis sagen: Die Schüler*innen haben recht! Hipp, A.-K., and Ismar, G. (2019). Soc. Die jugendlichen missachten vorgaben - aus kalkül. (2019). Faszinosum fridays for future. (3) Representation: Pragmatic leadership vs. confrontational movement. doi: 10.1162/glep_a_00488, Anonymous (2019a). doi: 10.1162/glep.2006.6.1.50, Bäckstrand, K., and Lövbrand, E. (2019). FFF has brought back climate change to the forefront of public debates and triggered widespread discussions about climate action. Beyond these controversies about the legitimate form of school strikes, FFF also triggered debates about stronger youth involvement in climate politics (FFF Germany, 2019e), and revived discussions about democratic participation. Non-state actors do not only undertake research, present their positions, monitor state commitments, act as critical watchdogs during negotiations, and communicate to international and domestic publics and thus shape international environmental cooperation (Raustiala, 1997, p. 724). #6MonateNixPassiert. doi: 10.1177/0263276409358728, Swyngedouw, E. (2011). Der Spiegel. We need to wake up / We need to wise up We need to open our eyes / And do it now, now, now! Others used the school strikes and the children's active political involvement to argue for children's voting rights (Klingenstein, 2019; Klovert, 2019). Such a differentiation leads to four different categories of articles: At the individual level, articles either describe and portray young individuals who are part of the movement (Sonheimer, 2019) or evaluate how the movement shapes children and youth in terms of empowerment, conflict management, and organizational issues (Bruhns et al., 2019).

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